Geological field mapping was conducted in the Builsa South District in the Upper-East Region (Field Sheet 1002D1) and the Mamprugu-Moagduri District in the North-East Region of Ghana (Field Sheet 1002D3), with rock samples taken for geochemical and petrographic studies to investigate mineralogical composition, texture, and microstructures in the rocks; the Kwahu/Bombouaka Group, the oldest sequence, unconformably overlies the Birimian basement complex rocks and is itself unconformably overlain by sediments forming the Oti Group, with the Yabraso Sandstone Formation as the only member of the Kwahu/Bombouaka Group and the Bimbila Formation as the only constituent of the Oti Group; eight sedimentary facies were identified based on lithological characteristics in the outcrops, with three (F1, F2, F3) belonging to the Yabraso Formation and five (F4, F5, F6, F7, F8) belonging to the Bimbila Formation, where the Yabraso Sandstone Formation exhibits a fining-upward sequence and is classified as quartz arenites with a few samples plotting as sub-arkose based on Folk’s (1974) classification, while the Bimbila Formation is stratigraphically divided into four units, from oldest to youngest: Bimbila limestones, weakly micaceous siltstones and mudstones, Bimbila sandstones, and Bimbila silexites.

Study area concedes the compressional stresses caused by the collision of Indian and Eurasian plates molded the northwest- southeast trending faults which are Riasi Fault (RF), Palandri Fault (PF), Godri Badshah Fault (GBF) and Chhechhan Fault (CF). This study intended to analyze the Kamlial sandstone as an aggregate problem for construction industry while sedimentary structure, stratigraphic sequence and geology of the study area were also destined. The study area comprised Nakar, Chhechhan, Holar, Tallian and Sarsawah of Palandri Azad Kashmir. The Impact value, Los Angeles Abrasion resistance, Specific gravity and Water absorption test were evaluated for kamlial sandstone. The samples were collected from Garata Sarsawa, Panjeera, Telyan, Kharran, Jabbri kass, Kand Gora, Parasgali, Garrala, Hollar, Chhechann and Nakar near Pallandri. Impact value of Kamlial Sandstone recorded 25.2, Abrasion Resistance of Kamlial Sandstones is 41.4 % which is less than AASHTO value i.e 50 percent. The Apparent Specific gravity initiate 2.1 percent which is less than ASTM standards i.e between 2.6-2.9. and the Water Absorption value recorded 2.24%. The results intimate that the Kamlial sandstone does not qualify ASTM specification for aggregate.

This study presents the results of the analysis and interpretation of aeromagnetic data over part of Adamawa trough with the aim of investigating the hydrocarbon potential of the study area. The study area is located between latitude 8.50oN and 9.50oN and longitudes 11.50oE and 12.50oE. The Total magnetic intensity map of the study area was subjected to regional/residual separation. Three depth estimating techniques applied on the residual map to determine the thickness of sediments in the study area were Source parameter imaging, Euler deconvolution and spectral method. The results of these methods corroborate; the SPI, Euler Deconvolution and Spectral method shows a thick sedimentation of 4.42 km, 4.20 km and 4.17 km at the north-eastern part of the study area respectively. The SPI, Euler deconvolution and the Spectral method reveal shallow depth of 0.06 km, 0.10 km and 0.42 km at the southeast, southern and southwest part of the study area respectively. The maximum sedimentary thickness of above 4 km obtained in this study at the north-eastern part of the study area which corresponds to Numal might be sufficient for hydrocarbon maturation and accumulation. The study area was found to have a good prospect for hydrocarbon exploration.

This work describes the energy requirements for water supply and sewerage management of Faisalabad urban area and additionally suggests energy management improvements by incorporating grid connected renewable Photo- Voltaic (PV) based power generation. As the ground water in Faisalabad is mostly saline, Water and Sanitation Agency Faisalabad (WASA FSD) brings water from nearby soft water sources and pumps them to consumers within the city. To maintain water supply and sewerage disposal operations, WASA FSD requires to purchase 40k to 50k USD worth of electricity monthly from Faisalabad Electric Supply Company (FESCO) which is financially burdening for WASA. Additionally, as this energy demand is met from Pakistan’s already strained national grid, there is a need to better manage Agency’s energy requirements. In this work, we study utilization of an On-Grid PV solution for renewable power generation to meet the agency’s requirement of are 3.238 ×106 electricity units per month. Such systems can, in principle, eliminate dependency of WASA on the National Grid and additionally provide WASA with an energy efficient and sustainable power generation system with low environmental impact. In this paper, simulate a solar energy system without any energy storage system to determine its feasibility. Here, we present simulation results to estimate successfulness of such a project. Additionally, financial and technical aspects of the project have also been discussed suggesting a payback period less than 7 years.